Updating a partition
After creating or deleting a partition the the changes will
be effected in the partition table only after the restart of the system. But
there is a way to avoid this circumstance. We can use partprobe or partx
command to update the partition information without restarting the system.
Frirst check the
newly created partition
[root@rahul /]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000efa3d
Device Boot Start End Blocks
Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1
26 204800
83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 1301 10240000
83 Linux
/dev/sda3 1301 1562 2097152
82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 1562 2088 4228884 5
Extended
/dev/sda5 1562 1626 517837+
82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6 1627 1691 522081
8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda7 1692 1756 522081
8e Linux LVM
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Now update the partition using the following unix commands.
- # partprobe /dev/sda
Or
- #partx –a /dev/sda
Or
- #kpartx /dev/sda
[root@rahul /]# partx -a /dev/sda
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 1
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 2
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 3
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 4
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 5
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 6
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 7
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 8
[root@rahul /]#
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[root@rahul /]# kpartx
/dev/sda
sda1 : 0 409600 /dev/sda 2048
sda2 : 0 20480000 /dev/sda 411648
sda3 : 0 4194304 /dev/sda 20891648
sda4 : 0 2 /dev/sda 25085952
sda5 : 0 1035675 /dev/sda 25086015
sda6 : 0 1044162 /dev/sda 26121753
sda7 : 0 1044162 /dev/sda 27165978
sda8 : 0 1044162 /dev/sda 28210203
[root@rahul /]#
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Note: In RHEl6
partprobe is not functioning properly, so it is recommended to use partx
command only.
Now then we have learnt creating and updating a partition. Lets see how
to format a partition with a particular file system
Formatting a
partition with ext4 filesystem
After creating a partition we need to assign some file
system to it so that we can start storing the data into it. To format a
partition the following syntax is used.
- #mkfs.<file system type> <partition name>
- #mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda7 (where sda7 is our newly created partition)
[root@rahul /]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda8
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
130560 inodes, 522080 blocks
26104 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152
64 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2040 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577,
40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.
Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@rahul /]#
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Likewise you can format the different partitions with
different file systems like
- #mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda8
[root@rahul /]# mkfs.ext3
/dev/sda8
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
130560 inodes, 522080 blocks
26104 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152
64 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2040 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577,
40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.
Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@rahul /]# ^C
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- #mkfs.vfat /dev/sda9
[root@rahul /]# mkfs.vfat /dev/sda8
mkfs.vfat 3.0.9 (31 Jan 2010)
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Note : Even after
formatting the partition we cannot add the data into the partition. In order to
add the data in the partition it is required to be mounted.
- How to mount a partition.
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